Effect of 1-Butyl-3-Methylimdazolium Hexafluorophosphate [BMImPF6] on the Precipitation of Insoluble Organic Solid Residues from Organic Solvents
Victoria Bennett,
Daniel Ikoromo Ziriki
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 2, December 2022
Pages:
47-50
Received:
28 June 2022
Accepted:
14 July 2022
Published:
29 July 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.pse.20220602.11
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Abstract: Insoluble organic solid residues in crude oil can cause staining, lathering, corrosion and contamination of the end product. Hence, removing these insoluble solids from the process stream is pertinent. In this research, samples of insoluble organic solid residues were taken from a single phase bottom hole crude oil, Qua Iboe Light Mobile Nigeria, unlimited. 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [BMIm][PF6] was synthesized, and its effect on the precipitation of insoluble organic solid residues from methanol, ethanol and iso-armyl alcohol was investigated. Results of weight % of insoluble organic solids retrieved from methanol, ethanol and iso-armyl alcohol were 80.1 ± 0.2%, 74 ± 0.3%, 73.3 ± 0.2%, respectively. Comparatively, weights % of insoluble organic solids precipitated with methanol was higher (0.8010 g, 80.1%) than ethanol (0.7400 g, 74%) and iso-armyl alcohol (0.7330 g, 73.3%). This result corroborates the fact that insoluble organic solids are better precipitated from more polar organic solvents. Weights % of insoluble organic solids precipitated from methanol + [BMImPF6], ethanol + [BMImPF6] and iso-armyl alcohol + [BMImPF6] were 80.4 ± 0.1%, 76 ± 0.2% and 75 ± 0.2% respectively. This result implies that organic solvent + [BMImPF6] combinations yielded greater organic insoluble solid precipitates than those obtained with molecular organic solvents.
Abstract: Insoluble organic solid residues in crude oil can cause staining, lathering, corrosion and contamination of the end product. Hence, removing these insoluble solids from the process stream is pertinent. In this research, samples of insoluble organic solid residues were taken from a single phase bottom hole crude oil, Qua Iboe Light Mobile Nigeria, u...
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Monitoring the Water Content in Crude Oil and Determining Its Causes and Methods of Treatment
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 2, December 2022
Pages:
51-58
Received:
18 July 2022
Accepted:
19 August 2022
Published:
31 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.pse.20220602.12
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Abstract: The idea of the research is to show the effect of the Oil degrading bacteria of petroleum compounds and their transformation into final products (carbon dioxide and water) and their contribution to the formation of oil emulsions and increasing the water content in crude oil. The aim of the research was to shed light on the problem of increasing the water content in crude oil the permissible limits and the continuation of this increase even when the oil shipments reach to the customer. The research adopted the investigation and diagnosis of the vital causes expected to appear, and through the results of the laboratory examination of crude oil samples taken from oil isolation stations (production) and PS1 depot. The results showed the monitoring of specific types of bacteria that degrading hydrocarbon compounds. Two types of bacteria were identified and isolated (Pseudomonas, Actinomyces) and according to the available environmental conditions variables (moisture, mineral salts, temperature) as catalysts to increase the rate of hydrocarbon consumption by microorganisms. This is known as Biodegradation. The comparison method was adopted for both types of bacteria for the purpose of obtaining the efficiency of consumption (analysis hydrocarbon compounds) by calculating the amount of water produced by these two types of bacteria, while maintaining a control model of crude oil to which Biocide was added. The results of bacterial isolates for both types showed their ability to consume hydrocarbons. The results of the tests showed the absence of any bacterial growth in it and the absence of any increase in the water content, while the results of the tests for most sample showed positive results with oil contamination by both types bacteria. Pseudomonas bacteria gave a higher consumption rate than Actinomyces bacteria, and consequently a more increase in the percentage of water content. In addition to the increase the water content, there are other damages to the specifications of crude oil, represented by a decrease in the density of crude oil (API) due to microbial decomposition. In light of the obtained data, we concluded that the increase in the water content of the oil was the result of the presence of bacteria that degrade the oil, and the evidence for it is that the unpolluted oils did not have any change or increase in the water content.
Abstract: The idea of the research is to show the effect of the Oil degrading bacteria of petroleum compounds and their transformation into final products (carbon dioxide and water) and their contribution to the formation of oil emulsions and increasing the water content in crude oil. The aim of the research was to shed light on the problem of increasing the...
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The Effects Between Interfacial Tension and Viscosity Reduction in Viscous Crude Oil Through the Addition of Surfactant Sodium Lignosulfonate (SLS) for EOR Purpose
Harry Budiharjo Sulistyarso,
Joko Pamungkas,
Yulius Deddy Hermawan
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 2, December 2022
Pages:
59-64
Received:
19 October 2022
Accepted:
10 November 2022
Published:
23 November 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.pse.20220602.13
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Abstract: Surfactant injection is one of Chemical EOR methods by injecting a special substance as a surface-active agent (surfactant). The purpose is to reduce the interfacial tension (IFT) and the viscosity value of crude oil. This research was conducted to analyze the effect of adding anionic surfactant sodium lignosulfonate (SLS) on a laboratory scale. The sample of crude oil samples are obtained from Wonocolo field, Indonesia. The surfactant was obtained by almond peel extraction, developed at Laboratory Research EOR University of Pembangunan National "Veteran" Yogyakarta. SLS compositions for the experiment are 2%, 4%, 6% and 8% v/v. The test was made at 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70°C. The results showed that 6% v/v SLS solution was the best composition to significantly reduce IFT at 70°C from 32.78 mN/m to 3.22 mN/m. This composition also being the value of critical micelle concentration (CMC) for SLS. At above critical micelle concentration, the additional of surfactants will be insignificant on IFT reduction and also excess amount of surfactant in aqueous solution. With SLS 8% v/v solution gain the lowest viscosity of the fluid from 2.54 cP to 1.88 cP. In addition, the results of this study showed that when the reduction in IFT was the highest, the viscosity reduction was the highest.
Abstract: Surfactant injection is one of Chemical EOR methods by injecting a special substance as a surface-active agent (surfactant). The purpose is to reduce the interfacial tension (IFT) and the viscosity value of crude oil. This research was conducted to analyze the effect of adding anionic surfactant sodium lignosulfonate (SLS) on a laboratory scale. Th...
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