Optimization of the Oxidative Desulphurization of Residual Oil Using Hydrogen Peroxide

Sadiq Tijjani Ahmed; Chika Muhammad; Aminu Bayawa Muhammad; Ibrahim Muhammad Danmallam; Sirajo Abubakar Zauro; Bilyaminu Ahmad Rafi

doi:doi:10.11648/j.pse.20230701.12

Optimization of the Oxidative Desulphurization of Residual Oil Using Hydrogen Peroxide

Sadiq Tijjani Ahmed, Chika Muhammad, Aminu Bayawa Muhammad, Ibrahim Muhammad Danmallam, Sirajo Abubakar Zauro, Bilyaminu Ahmad Rafi

Published in Petroleum Science and Engineering (Volume 7, Issue 1)

Received: 4 February 2023 Accepted: 24 February 2023 Published: 11 April 2023

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Abstract

The role of fuel in global economy cannot be overemphasized, it is necessary to develop new and more efficient technologies in desulphurization processes at a low cost. This research focuses on optimization of desulphurization using oxidative method for higher yields, utilizing dual acetic/formic acid catalyst on residual oil with sulphur concentration > 0.50%wt and emphasizes the improvement of physicochemical properties primarily suitable for use in fuels where regulation is becoming more stringent. The process was conducted using H₂O₂ oxidant concentration 12.5-25.0% (w/w), CH₃COOH/HCOOH acid catalyst mixture 12.5-22.0% (w/w), and reaction temperature 40-60°C. Optimization of the desulphurization parameters was done using response surface methodology based on Box-Behnken design. The optimum yield of desulphurization (60.93%) was achieved at the oxidant 18.75% (w/w), acetic/formic mixture of 17.25% (w/w), and reaction temperature of 50°C. In general, the experimentally confirmatory figures in two solutions of 63.29 ± 0.47% and 61.04 ± 0.13% match the predicted values of 62.82% and 60.91%, respectively. The total sulphur content in residual oil was reduced from 0.67 to 0.26%wt. GC-MS of the untreated sample confirm the presence of 1,2-benzisothiazole,3-(hexahydro-1H-azepin-1-yl)-1,1-dioxide, Nickel(II)bis(N,N-dihexyldithiocarbamate and Diethyl[3-[n-octadecylmercapto]-P-n-butyl-anilino methy lene] malonate with a total percentage peak area of 11.83%. In the treated sample shows no sulphur compounds. The physicochemical analysis for both treated and untreated residual oil according to ASTM were found to be within acceptable limit except sulphur content of untreated sample. After the desulphurization, treated residual oil shows a remarkable improvement in the physicochemical parameters. Hence can be applicable in industrial process and automobiles with very low sulphur emission.

Published in	Petroleum Science and Engineering (Volume 7, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.pse.20230701.12
Page(s)	7-13
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Optimization, Oxidative, Desulphurization, Residual Oil

References

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[2]	Abdullahi, D. M.; Abubakar G. I.; Musa U.; Shehu A.; and Yababa, N. A. (2012). Comparative Study on Sulphur reduction from Heavy Petroleum-solvent Extraction and Microwave Irradiation Approach. 3 (6): 949-960.
[3]	IMO (2018). The 2020 Global Sulphur Limit. https://wwwcdn.imo.org/localresources/en/MediaCentre/HotTopics/Documents/2020%20sulphur%20limit%20FAQ%202019.pdf.
[4]	Srivastava, V. C. (2012). An Evaluation of Desulphurization Technologies for Sulphur removal from Liquid Fuels, Royal Society of Chemistry Advances. 2: 759–783.
[5]	Chan, N.; Fan, W.; and Yen, T. (2009). The desulphurization Process of Heavy Fuel Oil. American Chemical Society, Division of Fuel Chemistry 54 (1): 70-71.
[6]	Shang, H.; Du, W.; Liu, Z.; and Zhang, H. (2013). Development of Microwave induced Hydrodesulphurization of Petroleum Streams. A review. Journal of Industrial Engineering and Chemistry. 19: 1061–1068.
[7]	Haruna, S. Y.; Faruq, U. Z.; and Liman, M. G. (2018a). Reduction of Sulphur Content of Heavy Crude Oil using Oxidative Desulphurization. ISSBN-10: 6139577586.
[8]	Haruna, S. Y.; Faruq, U. Z.; Zubairu, A. Y.; Liman, M. G.; and Riskuwa, M. L. (2018b). Comparative Studies on Reduction of Sulphur Content of Heavy Crude Oil Using KMnO4+H2O2/CH3COOH and KMnO4+H2O2/HCOOH Via Oxidative Desulphurization (ODS). American Journal of Applied Chemistry. 6 (1): 15-24.
[9]	Tetrisyanda, R.; Wiguno, A.; Ginting, R. R.; Dzikrillah, C. Z.; and Wibawa, G. (2018). Residue Oil Desulphurization Using Oxidation and Extraction Method. Indonesia. Journal of Chemistry. 18: 242 – 249.
[10]	Muhammad, A. B., Obianke, M., Hassan, L. G., and Aliero, A. A., (2016). Optimization of process variables in acid catalysed insitu transesterification of Hevea brasiliensis (rubber tree) seed oil into biodiesel, Biofuels, https://doi.org/10.1080/17597269.2016.1242689.
[11]	Dana, M.; Sobati, M. A.; Shahhossieni, S.; and Kalishami, A. R. (2019). Separation of Sulphur-Containing Compounds from. Diesel by Oxidation Followed by Solvent Extraction in a Single Drop Column. Brazilian journal of Energy Engineering. 36: 1343 – 1355.
[12]	Fa-Tang, L.; Cheng-Guang, K.; Zhi-Min, S.; Ying-Juan, H.; Rui-Hong, L.; and Di-Shun, Z. (2012). Deep Extractive and Oxidative Desulphurization of Dibenzothiophene with C5H9NO.SnCl2 Coordinated ionic Liquid, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 205-206: 164-170.
[13]	Habib, B.; Dabai, M. U.; and Faruk, U. Z. (2019). Comparative study on GC-MS Charaterization of atmospheric and vacuum oil residue from KRPC, Kaduna, Nigeria. International Journal of Chemical and Biological Sciences. 2664-6765.
[14]	Ahmadian, M.; Anbia, M.; and Rezaie, M. (2020) Sulphur Dioxide Removal from Flue Gas by Supported CuO Nanoparticle Adsorbents. Industrial Engineering Chemistry Research, 59 (50), 21642−21653.
[15]	Kazakov, A. A.; Tarakanov, G. V.; and Ionov, N. G. (2016). Mechanisms of oxidative desulphurization of straight-run residual fuel oil using ozonized air. Chemistry and Technology of Fuels and Oils, 52: 1 DOI 10.1007/s10553-016-0669-2.

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Sadiq Tijjani Ahmed, Chika Muhammad, Aminu Bayawa Muhammad, Ibrahim Muhammad Danmallam, Sirajo Abubakar Zauro, et al. (2023). Optimization of the Oxidative Desulphurization of Residual Oil Using Hydrogen Peroxide. Petroleum Science and Engineering, 7(1), 7-13. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.pse.20230701.12

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Sadiq Tijjani Ahmed; Chika Muhammad; Aminu Bayawa Muhammad; Ibrahim Muhammad Danmallam; Sirajo Abubakar Zauro, et al. Optimization of the Oxidative Desulphurization of Residual Oil Using Hydrogen Peroxide. Pet. Sci. Eng. 2023, 7(1), 7-13. doi: 10.11648/j.pse.20230701.12

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Sadiq Tijjani Ahmed, Chika Muhammad, Aminu Bayawa Muhammad, Ibrahim Muhammad Danmallam, Sirajo Abubakar Zauro, et al. Optimization of the Oxidative Desulphurization of Residual Oil Using Hydrogen Peroxide. Pet Sci Eng. 2023;7(1):7-13. doi: 10.11648/j.pse.20230701.12

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@article{10.11648/j.pse.20230701.12,
  author = {Sadiq Tijjani Ahmed and Chika Muhammad and Aminu Bayawa Muhammad and Ibrahim Muhammad Danmallam and Sirajo Abubakar Zauro and Bilyaminu Ahmad Rafi},
  title = {Optimization of the Oxidative Desulphurization of Residual Oil Using Hydrogen Peroxide},
  journal = {Petroleum Science and Engineering},
  volume = {7},
  number = {1},
  pages = {7-13},
  doi = {10.11648/j.pse.20230701.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.pse.20230701.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.pse.20230701.12},
  abstract = {The role of fuel in global economy cannot be overemphasized, it is necessary to develop new and more efficient technologies in desulphurization processes at a low cost. This research focuses on optimization of desulphurization using oxidative method for higher yields, utilizing dual acetic/formic acid catalyst on residual oil with sulphur concentration > 0.50%wt and emphasizes the improvement of physicochemical properties primarily suitable for use in fuels where regulation is becoming more stringent. The process was conducted using H2O2 oxidant concentration 12.5-25.0% (w/w), CH3COOH/HCOOH acid catalyst mixture 12.5-22.0% (w/w), and reaction temperature 40-60°C. Optimization of the desulphurization parameters was done using response surface methodology based on Box-Behnken design. The optimum yield of desulphurization (60.93%) was achieved at the oxidant 18.75% (w/w), acetic/formic mixture of 17.25% (w/w), and reaction temperature of 50°C. In general, the experimentally confirmatory figures in two solutions of 63.29 ± 0.47% and 61.04 ± 0.13% match the predicted values of 62.82% and 60.91%, respectively. The total sulphur content in residual oil was reduced from 0.67 to 0.26%wt. GC-MS of the untreated sample confirm the presence of 1,2-benzisothiazole,3-(hexahydro-1H-azepin-1-yl)-1,1-dioxide, Nickel(II)bis(N,N-dihexyldithiocarbamate and Diethyl[3-[n-octadecylmercapto]-P-n-butyl-anilino methy lene] malonate with a total percentage peak area of 11.83%. In the treated sample shows no sulphur compounds. The physicochemical analysis for both treated and untreated residual oil according to ASTM were found to be within acceptable limit except sulphur content of untreated sample. After the desulphurization, treated residual oil shows a remarkable improvement in the physicochemical parameters. Hence can be applicable in industrial process and automobiles with very low sulphur emission.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Optimization of the Oxidative Desulphurization of Residual Oil Using Hydrogen Peroxide
AU  - Sadiq Tijjani Ahmed
AU  - Chika Muhammad
AU  - Aminu Bayawa Muhammad
AU  - Ibrahim Muhammad Danmallam
AU  - Sirajo Abubakar Zauro
AU  - Bilyaminu Ahmad Rafi
Y1  - 2023/04/11
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.pse.20230701.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.pse.20230701.12
T2  - Petroleum Science and Engineering
JF  - Petroleum Science and Engineering
JO  - Petroleum Science and Engineering
SP  - 7
EP  - 13
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2640-4516
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.pse.20230701.12
AB  - The role of fuel in global economy cannot be overemphasized, it is necessary to develop new and more efficient technologies in desulphurization processes at a low cost. This research focuses on optimization of desulphurization using oxidative method for higher yields, utilizing dual acetic/formic acid catalyst on residual oil with sulphur concentration > 0.50%wt and emphasizes the improvement of physicochemical properties primarily suitable for use in fuels where regulation is becoming more stringent. The process was conducted using H2O2 oxidant concentration 12.5-25.0% (w/w), CH3COOH/HCOOH acid catalyst mixture 12.5-22.0% (w/w), and reaction temperature 40-60°C. Optimization of the desulphurization parameters was done using response surface methodology based on Box-Behnken design. The optimum yield of desulphurization (60.93%) was achieved at the oxidant 18.75% (w/w), acetic/formic mixture of 17.25% (w/w), and reaction temperature of 50°C. In general, the experimentally confirmatory figures in two solutions of 63.29 ± 0.47% and 61.04 ± 0.13% match the predicted values of 62.82% and 60.91%, respectively. The total sulphur content in residual oil was reduced from 0.67 to 0.26%wt. GC-MS of the untreated sample confirm the presence of 1,2-benzisothiazole,3-(hexahydro-1H-azepin-1-yl)-1,1-dioxide, Nickel(II)bis(N,N-dihexyldithiocarbamate and Diethyl[3-[n-octadecylmercapto]-P-n-butyl-anilino methy lene] malonate with a total percentage peak area of 11.83%. In the treated sample shows no sulphur compounds. The physicochemical analysis for both treated and untreated residual oil according to ASTM were found to be within acceptable limit except sulphur content of untreated sample. After the desulphurization, treated residual oil shows a remarkable improvement in the physicochemical parameters. Hence can be applicable in industrial process and automobiles with very low sulphur emission.
VL  - 7
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Sadiq Tijjani Ahmed

Department of Energy and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Life Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
Chika Muhammad

Department of Energy and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Life Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
Aminu Bayawa Muhammad

Department of Energy and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Life Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
Ibrahim Muhammad Danmallam

Sokoto Energy Research Centre, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
Sirajo Abubakar Zauro

Department of Energy and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Life Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
Bilyaminu Ahmad Rafi

Department of Chemistry, Nigerian Army University, Biu, Nigeria

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Sadiq Tijjani Ahmed, Chika Muhammad, Aminu Bayawa Muhammad, Ibrahim Muhammad Danmallam, Sirajo Abubakar Zauro, et al. (2023). Optimization of the Oxidative Desulphurization of Residual Oil Using Hydrogen Peroxide. Petroleum Science and Engineering, 7(1), 7-13. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.pse.20230701.12

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Sadiq Tijjani Ahmed; Chika Muhammad; Aminu Bayawa Muhammad; Ibrahim Muhammad Danmallam; Sirajo Abubakar Zauro, et al. Optimization of the Oxidative Desulphurization of Residual Oil Using Hydrogen Peroxide. Pet. Sci. Eng. 2023, 7(1), 7-13. doi: 10.11648/j.pse.20230701.12

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AMA Style

Sadiq Tijjani Ahmed, Chika Muhammad, Aminu Bayawa Muhammad, Ibrahim Muhammad Danmallam, Sirajo Abubakar Zauro, et al. Optimization of the Oxidative Desulphurization of Residual Oil Using Hydrogen Peroxide. Pet Sci Eng. 2023;7(1):7-13. doi: 10.11648/j.pse.20230701.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.pse.20230701.12,
  author = {Sadiq Tijjani Ahmed and Chika Muhammad and Aminu Bayawa Muhammad and Ibrahim Muhammad Danmallam and Sirajo Abubakar Zauro and Bilyaminu Ahmad Rafi},
  title = {Optimization of the Oxidative Desulphurization of Residual Oil Using Hydrogen Peroxide},
  journal = {Petroleum Science and Engineering},
  volume = {7},
  number = {1},
  pages = {7-13},
  doi = {10.11648/j.pse.20230701.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.pse.20230701.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.pse.20230701.12},
  abstract = {The role of fuel in global economy cannot be overemphasized, it is necessary to develop new and more efficient technologies in desulphurization processes at a low cost. This research focuses on optimization of desulphurization using oxidative method for higher yields, utilizing dual acetic/formic acid catalyst on residual oil with sulphur concentration > 0.50%wt and emphasizes the improvement of physicochemical properties primarily suitable for use in fuels where regulation is becoming more stringent. The process was conducted using H2O2 oxidant concentration 12.5-25.0% (w/w), CH3COOH/HCOOH acid catalyst mixture 12.5-22.0% (w/w), and reaction temperature 40-60°C. Optimization of the desulphurization parameters was done using response surface methodology based on Box-Behnken design. The optimum yield of desulphurization (60.93%) was achieved at the oxidant 18.75% (w/w), acetic/formic mixture of 17.25% (w/w), and reaction temperature of 50°C. In general, the experimentally confirmatory figures in two solutions of 63.29 ± 0.47% and 61.04 ± 0.13% match the predicted values of 62.82% and 60.91%, respectively. The total sulphur content in residual oil was reduced from 0.67 to 0.26%wt. GC-MS of the untreated sample confirm the presence of 1,2-benzisothiazole,3-(hexahydro-1H-azepin-1-yl)-1,1-dioxide, Nickel(II)bis(N,N-dihexyldithiocarbamate and Diethyl[3-[n-octadecylmercapto]-P-n-butyl-anilino methy lene] malonate with a total percentage peak area of 11.83%. In the treated sample shows no sulphur compounds. The physicochemical analysis for both treated and untreated residual oil according to ASTM were found to be within acceptable limit except sulphur content of untreated sample. After the desulphurization, treated residual oil shows a remarkable improvement in the physicochemical parameters. Hence can be applicable in industrial process and automobiles with very low sulphur emission.},
 year = {2023}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Optimization of the Oxidative Desulphurization of Residual Oil Using Hydrogen Peroxide
AU  - Sadiq Tijjani Ahmed
AU  - Chika Muhammad
AU  - Aminu Bayawa Muhammad
AU  - Ibrahim Muhammad Danmallam
AU  - Sirajo Abubakar Zauro
AU  - Bilyaminu Ahmad Rafi
Y1  - 2023/04/11
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.pse.20230701.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.pse.20230701.12
T2  - Petroleum Science and Engineering
JF  - Petroleum Science and Engineering
JO  - Petroleum Science and Engineering
SP  - 7
EP  - 13
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2640-4516
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.pse.20230701.12
AB  - The role of fuel in global economy cannot be overemphasized, it is necessary to develop new and more efficient technologies in desulphurization processes at a low cost. This research focuses on optimization of desulphurization using oxidative method for higher yields, utilizing dual acetic/formic acid catalyst on residual oil with sulphur concentration > 0.50%wt and emphasizes the improvement of physicochemical properties primarily suitable for use in fuels where regulation is becoming more stringent. The process was conducted using H2O2 oxidant concentration 12.5-25.0% (w/w), CH3COOH/HCOOH acid catalyst mixture 12.5-22.0% (w/w), and reaction temperature 40-60°C. Optimization of the desulphurization parameters was done using response surface methodology based on Box-Behnken design. The optimum yield of desulphurization (60.93%) was achieved at the oxidant 18.75% (w/w), acetic/formic mixture of 17.25% (w/w), and reaction temperature of 50°C. In general, the experimentally confirmatory figures in two solutions of 63.29 ± 0.47% and 61.04 ± 0.13% match the predicted values of 62.82% and 60.91%, respectively. The total sulphur content in residual oil was reduced from 0.67 to 0.26%wt. GC-MS of the untreated sample confirm the presence of 1,2-benzisothiazole,3-(hexahydro-1H-azepin-1-yl)-1,1-dioxide, Nickel(II)bis(N,N-dihexyldithiocarbamate and Diethyl[3-[n-octadecylmercapto]-P-n-butyl-anilino methy lene] malonate with a total percentage peak area of 11.83%. In the treated sample shows no sulphur compounds. The physicochemical analysis for both treated and untreated residual oil according to ASTM were found to be within acceptable limit except sulphur content of untreated sample. After the desulphurization, treated residual oil shows a remarkable improvement in the physicochemical parameters. Hence can be applicable in industrial process and automobiles with very low sulphur emission.
VL  - 7
IS  - 1
ER  -

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